Hack A fingerprint …. Mission Accomplished

Firstly let's know the basics :) :

Fingerprints are the tiny ridges, whorls and valley patterns on the tip of each finger. They form from pressure on a baby's tiny, No two people have been found to have the same fingerprints -- they are totally unique. There's a one in 64 billion chance that your fingerprint will match up exactly with someone else's.

Fingerprints are even more unique than DNA, the genetic material in each of our cells. Although identical twins can share the same DNA -- or at least most of it -- they can't have the same fingerprints.

Fingerprinting is one form of biometrics, a science that uses people's physical characteristics to identify them. Fingerprints are ideal for this purpose because they're inexpensive to collect and analyze, and they never change, even as people age.

Crime Scene Scenario

 
let your mind free , imagine :D .. you are a criminal investigator like Kudo Shinichi ( great animation I think you should watch it :) )
let's go …..

With respect to a crime scene .. what about fingerprint impressions ???

at a crime scene involves three different types of fingerprint impressions: latent, patent, and plastic.

 A latent print is not visible to the naked eye, which means a person must process the scene and enhance the latent print using black powder or chemicals.

A patent print is visible without processing and includes fingerprints left in blood, oil, and dirt.
A plastic print is a three-dimensional impression where the friction ridge skin of the finger sinks into a surface, such as window caulk.
 

Fingerprint Patterns :

Once fingerprints have been located at a crime scene, either the item is collected or the print is powdered and lifted using tape or a fingerprint lifter. The recovered print is then identified as one of the three main categories of prints : Loop , Arch and Whorl .

Loop :

A loop is a pattern in which the ridges of the print enter on one side, curve in the middle, and exit out the same side. The loop is the most common type of fingerprint pattern and can be sub classified as either an ulnar loop or a radial loop. An ulnar loop has the opening of the ridges pointing toward the little finger of the hand, which is closest to the ulna bone of the forearm. A radial loop has the opening of the ridges pointing toward the thumb of the hand, which is closest to the radial bone of the forearm .

Arch :

An arch is a pattern in which the ridges enter on one side of the print and exit out the opposite side with a slight rise in the center. The arch can be sub classified as either a plain arch or a tented arch. A plain arch has a slight rise in the center of the print, as opposed to a tented arch, which has a very steep rise in the center of the print.

Whorl :

A whorl is a pattern in which the ridges have a circular or swirled center. A whorl can be sub classified as a plain whorl, a central pocket loop whorl, a double loop whorl, or an accidental whorl.


FINGERPRINT 10-PRINT CARD :

Inked prints are patent or visible to the naked eye due to the fact that reproduction of the friction ridge skin is completed using black printers’ ink. An inked fingerprint card is completed by law enforcement at the time of arrest, for employment applications ,and for pistol permits. The fingerprint card or 10-print card is arranged into three sections: information, rolled impressions, and plain impressions. The information section on the card contains relevant data regarding the person being printed and the individual completing the card. The rolled impression portion of the card contains 10 individual fingers rolled from nail to nail. The plain or flat impression portion of the card contains the 10fingerprints placed directly onto the card .A fingerprint card is arranged by right hand over left hand ,always starting at the right thumb and moving through to the right little and then left thumb to left little. When rolling a fingerprint, the investigator should have a firm hold of the hand or finger of the individual and start with finger#1, right thumb and work through to finger #10, left little. Each finger should be checked for proper ink distribution and rolled from one side to the other side. Never roll back and forth because this will cause a distortion of the ridge detail .

Then you need Fingerprint Processing :

In order to visualize latent prints at a crime scene, the crime scene technician must use fingerprint powder and a fingerprint brush to dust the areas where suspected fingerprints are located. When a darkened fingerprint is exposed with the brush-and-powder technique, the fingerprint can then be lifted as evidence and saved for future comparisons at the crime laboratory. All enhanced fingerprints at crime scenes should be saved even if you cannot determine the pattern type with the naked eye. That's a small guide in some details : Here .

Fingerprint Scanner :

Fingerscanning, also called fingerprint scanning, is the process of electronically obtaining and storing human fingerprints. The digital image obtained by such scanning is called a finger image. In some texts, the terms fingerprinting and fingerprint are used, but technically, these terms refer to traditional ink-and-paper processes and images.

Finally Hacking Apple touch ID :D :

iPhone 5S fingerprint sensor hacked by Germany's Chaos Computer Club

                                

After These long introduction with great information some are important and other for further reading . this is practical approach for what we have red but you will face problems like labs , tools and more but i think we can even determine fingerprints and extract it for anything we want 3:) .. I won't say this is for educational purpose only but sharing is caring .. knowledge is a flow and I'm not an expert  :) :)

Recommended Resources :

fingerprint analysis
Image Processing Basics
Apple Touch ID and NSA
Fingerprints used in Forensic Investigations

Ahmed Hashad Security Researcher @ 701 Labs
Twitter , Facebook